Kata

You need to find the Network Address and Broadcast Address of an IPv4 address given in CIDR notation.

The format given is <IPv4 Address>/<CIDR>

An IPv4 address is a set of 4 bytes (octets) separated by periods. Each octet can only be the values 0-255. Values padded with zeros up to 3 digits are acceptable (e.g 192.168.001.101)

The number of CIDR is the count of leading 1 bits in the 32-bit subnet mask. As IPv4 addresses are only 32 bits long, values less than 0 or greater than 32 are not permissible.

Example:

Input: 192.168.1.100/24

IP Address: 192.168.1.100 and Subnet Mask: 24 bits or 255.255.255.0

The subnet mask is a binary bitmask that denotes which bits in the IP address represent the network portion. The remaining bits are the host portion.

The network address is all-zeros in the host portion of the address. The broadcast address is all-ones in the host portion of the address.

192.168.1.100   11000000 10101000 00000001 01100100
255.255.255.0   11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
               |----------network---------|--host--|
192.168.1.0     11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 <- network
192.168.1.255   11000000 10101000 00000001 11111111 <- broadcast

Your return value should be an array with two elements. The first element is a string containing the network address, and the second element is a string containing the broadcast address. If a bad IP address or CIDR value is given, return false.